Closing positions of FDI by the country of the ultimate investor

The MNB publishes the country breakdown of foreign direct investment position in Hungary from 2014 on-wards and as of March 2025 also foreign direct investment position abroad by the ultimate investor. In these breakdowns the ultimate investor is the majority investor at the top of the ownership chain of an enterprise group, directly or indirectly holding more than 50 percent of the voting rights in the company and is not con-trolled by any other investor (there is no other owner with more than 50 percent of the voting rights). The MNB publishes the supplementary statistical breakdown of foreign direct investment in Hungary (inward FDI) by ultimate investor for data excluding and including SPEs. In this breakdown Hungary’s direct invest-ment stock allocated to the ultimate investor is equal to the stock allocated to the immediate investor’s country (in case of equity and other shares, debt instruments breakdown). Due to international recommen-dations, this breakdown is also available on the websites of Eurostat and OECD for several countries. The new breakdown of foreign direct investment abroad (outward investments) by ultimate investor is pub-lished for data excluding SPEs, which presents a more detailed picture of the structure of direct investments abroad for equity and debt instruments, highlighting the share of outward investments ultimately controlled by Hungarian investors and identifies the country of non-resident ultimate investors that play a role in shap-ing these outward investments.

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